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CHIEF Walkara
1847-1850
Ute Chief WalkaraAka (Walker)
Uncle of Black Hawk.
At first Walkara accepted their arrival, even inviting them to settle. But
according to historical accounts Walkara
was poisoned to death by
Mormon militia who wanted him out of the way. History by Tina Kelley and Kathryn L. MacKay
- Comments by Phillip B Gottfredson
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INTERVIEW OF CHIEF WALKARA BY
INTERPRETER MARTENAS 1853
Statement, M. S. Martenas, Interpreter, Great Salt Lake
City, July 6 1853, Brigham Young Papers, MS 1234, Box 58,
Folder 14, LDS Archives.
Will Bagley Transcription
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FORT UTAH
Battle Creek 1849-1850
Committing the worst kind of
atrocities upon the Native inhabitants Jim Bridger offered Hickman $100 for the head of Chief Old Elk.
Barely in his twenties, young Black Hawk is witness the
murder of his family and the decapitation of his 50 kin.
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HOW THE BLACK HAWK WAR BEGAN
1865 (No.1
Most read)
"We had to do these things, or be run over by them.
It was a question of supremacy between the white man and the Indian."
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GRASS VALLEY
MASSACRE
1865 Over a dozen Ute women and children murdered.
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THE MURDER OF CHIEF SANPITCH NEAR MANTI
1866 Wounded, the chief makes his escape only to have his throat slit near Moroni.
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CIRCLEVILLE MASSACRE 1866
One by one their throats were cut. Three children escape and take refuge in nearby cave.
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EXCERPTS
From Indian Depredations in Utah
1865-1873 First hand accounts of the battles they fought.
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DIAMOND CREEK BATTLE JUNE 26, 1866 Chief Mountain, Black Hawk's
brother, wounded. Research finds discrepancies in the story!
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CHIEF BLACK HAWK WOUNDED IN BATTLE AT GRAVELLY FORD IN 1866
But..."Black Hawk's good fortune again befriended him."
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THE OLD JUNIPER TREE
Black Hawk promised their friendship would
last, as long as water continued to run in the creek. The creek is
still there, and running with water.
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SIGNING OF THE TREATY? AT MOUNT PLEASANT ENDING THE BLACK HAWK WAR 1872
"You need never to fight the Indians, but if you want to get rid of them try to civilize them." Brigham Young also advocated that "a sack of flour will kill more Indians than a keg of powder." -1866 the Denver Rocky Mountain News
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LIFE AMONG THE UTES 1872
Told by Peter and Hans Gottfredson - Profiles the humor, generosity, character and superstitions of the Native people.
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TALES OF THE OLD WEST 1857-1874 by Peter Gottfredson (Auto-Biography)
"One sailor was not working to suit the Captain, he picked up a rope with a heavy hook in the end, and from behind struck the sailor on the head with the hook, killing him instantly. I stood close by watching..."
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PETER GOTTFREDSON IN THE INDIAN CAMPS He was keenly aware of and witness to the exploitation that encircled him and the Native people he loved and respected as his own.
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PETER AND HANS GOTTFREDSON Both Peter and his brother Hans were friends of the Ute and Paiute during the 1860's and spent much of their time with them.
"They loved hunting, and as scouts and traders they were far superior to white men."
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BLACK
HAWK DIES LDS CHURCH LOOTS GRAVE Imagine,
if you will, having the corpse of your grandfather
disrespectfully unearthed by church members, then for some
strange reason put on public display in the window of a hardware
store in downtown Spanish Fork, Utah, and later in the Church
museum on Temple Square as a curiosity.
The
Gottfredson
Files